Swot Analysis: Pepsi

SWOT Analysis: PepsiCo Diversification Strategy in 2008 Name Course Instructor Name Date PepsiCo Diversification Strategy in 2008 PepsiCo History †¢ PepsiCo is the second biggest tidbit and refreshment organization on the planet. Set up in 1965 when Pepsi-Cola and Frito-Lay investors combined their salty nibble symbol and soda pop mammoth. With incomes of $500 million with well known brands, for example, Pepsi-Cola, Mountain Dew, Fritos, Lay’s, Cheetos, and Ruffles, they have accomplished development and long haul an incentive in its operational exercises by making upper hands through new item advancement and acquisitions. Its portfolio has developed quite a long time after year with its securing of Tropicana in 1998, two biggest bottlers (Pepsi Bottling Group/PepsiAmericas) in 2010 and Wimm-Bill-Dann (dairy items) in 2011, and the merger with Quaker Oats in 2001. Benefits creating $39. 5 billion in net incomes in 2007 prompting 19 items each creating $1 billion in overall retail incomes in 2010. The absolute most well known incorporations have been Quaker Oats, Gatorade G2, Tiger Woods signature sports drinks, Cap’n Crunch grain, Aquafina, and Aunt Jamima hotcake blend. In staying aware of shopper wellbeing and health worries of lessening immersed fats, cholesterol, trans fats, and basic starches, PepsiCo made better-for-you and bravo items under the Power of One coalition system which concentrated on expanding clients propensity to buy more than one PepsiCo item during each visit. A very sharp advancement! †¢ SWOT Analysis Strengths Branding Diversification Distribution Weaknesses Overdependence on Snacks and Non-carbonated beverages Large Size Low Productivity Openings Broadening of Product Base International Expansion Growing Snacks of new flavors and Bottled Water advertise in U. S. Dangers Decline in Carbonated Drink Sales Potential Negative Impact of Government Regulations Intense Competition Potential Disruption Strengths Branding †¢ PepsiCo’s top brand is its most perceived brand on the planet, Pepsi, trailed by its 155 assortments of Frito-Lay, PepsiCo refreshments, Tropicana, Gatorade, and Quaker Oats brands. Most PepsiCo brands arrived at number a couple of positions in their individual classes and has â€Å"24 other worldwide and nearby brands with yearly retail deals going from $250 million to $1 billion, including Sobe, Naked, AMP Energy, Propel Zero, Sabritas, Gamesa, Lebedyansky, Aunt Jemima and Rice? A? Roni . † (PepsiCo site) In2008, Frito-Lay was the top selling chip brand in the U. S. what's more, Propel Fitness Water was the main brand of utilitarian water; In 2007 it was Gatorade, impel, and Aquafina with a 76 percent piece of the overall industry. Three activities standing out were â€Å"convenience, a developing attention to dietary substance of nibble nourishments, and liberal eating. † (Gamble and Thompson, 2012, pg. 426) The quality of these brands is apparent in PepsiCo’s nearness in 200 nations and demonstrated in it’s 2007 net incomes of $39. 5 billion all inclusive and annualized incomes of $60 billion of every 2010. (PepsiCo site) The organization has the biggest piece of the pie in the US drink at 39%, and nibble food advertise at 25%. Such brand predominance safeguards dependability and tedious deals. †¢ Diversification †¢ PepsiCo’s expansion not just incorporates snacks (chips), prepared to-drink teas, juice drinks, seasoned/filtered water, just as breakfast grains, cakes and cake blends, however its brands are taken into account its global establishment such Crujitos corn snacks, Fruko refreshments, and Crueslic oat sold in the UK, Europe, Asia, Middle East, and Africa. All the different items in addition to a multi-channel circulation framework, and its 300,000 group of experts that flourish with coordinated effort and regard were driven by three CEOs (Enrico, Reinemund, Nooyi); all of which served to protect PepsiCo position as the â€Å"world’s second biggest food and refreshment business†. (PepsiCo site) Distribution †¢ The organization conveys its items through direct-store-conveyance (DSD) from assembling plants and stockrooms to client distribution centers and foodservice and distributing circulation systems to retail locations. PepsiCo site) These conveyance alternatives permit most extreme perceivability and advance (DSD), costs investment funds for delicate/perishables with lower turnover (client stockroom), and the utilization of outsider dispersion administrations (foodservice/distributing) to schools, arenas and eateries decreasing stock-outs. All depend on â€Å"customer needs, item qualities, and nearby exchange pr actices†. (PepsiCo site) Weaknesses Overdependence on Snacks and Non-carbonated beverages †¢ PepsiCo neglected to concentrate on its fundamental image, Pepsi. In spite of the fact that deals of carbonated beverages was impressive his, it was conveyed by it’s non-carbonated which expanded incomes 5 percent; thus, carbonated incomes dropped 3 percent that year, 2007. †¢ The organization concentrated on progressively sound items by attempting to grow new sugars and getting Izze daintily carbonated shining natural product drinks in 2007. It neglected to fortify its situation in the U. S. to out beat Coca-Cola and slacked 10 percent in 2007; knocking PepsiCo to the number two situation of nonalcoholic drink maker. (Bet and Thompson, 2012, pg. 430) Large Size †¢ Despite its worldwide nearness, 48 percent of its incomes start in the US. (Bet and Thompson, 2012, pg. 431) This leaves PepsiCo helpless against the effect of changing financial conditions. Enormous US clients could misuse PepsiCo’s absence of haggling power and contrarily sway incomes. Securing of Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, and KFC at first demonstrated gainful yet proceeded with development in nibble food and refreshment acquisitions esteemed its vital fit advantages existing among cafés and its center drink and tidbits were hard to catch. Advantages were balanced by inexpensive food businesses savage value rivalry and low overall revenues. (Bet and Thompson, 2012, pg. 423) †¢ â€Å"Its esteem chain comprises of 230 plants, 3,600 dissemination frameworks, and 120,000 help courses far and wid e. (Bet and Thompson, 2012, pg. 436) Low Productivity †¢ Low net revenues on PepsiCo’s universal business requested the requirement for another hierarchical structure prompting the 2008 realignment making a three division structure under one rooftop with six announcing portions: Frito-Lay North America, Quaker Foods North America, Latin American Foods, PepsiCo Americas Beverages, United Kingdom and Europe, and Middle East, Africa and Asia. (Bet and Thompson, 2012, pg. 36) In an article from the Dow Jones and Company, dated 21 November 2012, it reports a baffling year for Pepsi and the theory that PepsiCo might be reexamining its refusal to make separate worldwide bites and refreshment organizations. † (Proquest) Opportunities Broadening of Product Base †¢ PepsiCo took advantage of lucky break of possible shortcomings by procuring Mexico’s biggest Pepsi bottler, Pepsi-Gemex SA de CV, for $1. 26 billion underwriting Mexico’s number one maker of ref ined water. (Bet and Thompson, 2012, pg. 34) what's more, the two biggest bottlers (Pepsi Bottling Group/PepsiAmericas) in 2010 and Wimm-Bill-Dann (dairy items) in 2011, and the merger with Quaker Oats in 2001. †¢ It keeps on widening its item base by presenting what purchasers need most: Healthier bites and beverages, advantageous bite size segments, and acquainting numerous flavors with the requirements of different societies. These activities will empower PepsiCo to conform to the changing ways of life of its buyers and advance to its worldwide client base. Global Expansion †¢ PepsiCo is centered around growing Gatorade into 15 extra nations, Tropicana into 20 new markets, and Lipton into five universal markets in 2012. (Bet and Thompson, 2012, pg. 434) Its venture into universal markets and a reducing its reliance on US deals notwithstanding the organization plans on significant capital activities in China will expand their worldwide client base. Developing Snacks of new flavors and Bottled Water advertise in US †¢ Products, for example, Aquafina, and Propel are settled items and in a situation to ride the upward peak. PepsiCo items, for example, Doritos tortilla chips, Cheetos cheddar seasoned bites, Tostitos tortilla chips, Ruffles potato chips, Sun Chips multigrain snacks, Rold Gold pretzels, advantage from a developing flavorful tidbit markets.. Dangers Decline in Carbonated Drink Sales †¢ Soft beverage deals have decay by as much as 2 percent from 2005 to 2007 because of a wellbeing still, small voice society. Natural product drinks went down somewhat and others stayed moderately the equivalent. The future condition of the economy and extra accentuation on wellbeing could drive these numbers the negative way. Expected Negative Impact of Government Regulations †¢ Manufacturing, promoting, and conveyance of food items might be changed because of state, administrative or neighborhood directs. In 2000, PepsiCo experienced FTC difficulties because of worries over the merger of Gatorade and that it may give the organization an excess of influence in dealings with accommodation stores. The FTC specified that PepsiCo couldn't mutually disseminate Gatorade with soda pops for a long time. (Bet and Thompson, 2012, pg. 423) This could have set them so a long ways in front of their main rival to remain number one. There’s likewise been discussion about the fixing, acryl amide, proposing it could cause malignant growth whenever expended in noteworthy sums in rodents. In the event that the organization needs to agree to a related guideline or include cautioning marks, it could have negative effects. Exceptional Competition †¢ The Coca-Cola Company is PepsiCo’s essential contenders. Exceptional rivalry may impact valuing, publicizing, deals advancement activities embraced by PepsiC

Metamorphosis in Sweetheart of the Song Tra Bong :: Things They Carried Essays

Transformation in Sweetheart of the Song Tra Bong The tale of the Darling of the Song Tra Bong is no run of the mill Vietnam war story. It is a story that includes no bloods, guts or brilliance. This story isn't such a great amount about the physical harm brought about by war as much as this story is about the enthusiastic changes that impact not just the guys. This is a story that with it's elaboration and ornamentation shows the pulverization of honesty. This story is about an unthinkable that worked out as expected. The story in its easiest structure includes two principle characters and the narrator, Rat Kiley, a notable truth cot. The principle individuals that your enthusiasm for this story is worried about are Mark Fossie, a solider with the group of surgeons that Rat was with, and his sweetheart Mary Anne Belle, a young lady of scarcely 17 years old. Imprint Fossie and Mary Anne Belle were youth darlings almost pledged during childbirth. While in Nam, Mark concocted a ground breaking strategy to fly Mary Anne over to Vietnam to be with him. As men kidded one night about how simple it could be to sneak somebody over Mark heard and accepting this as no joke. He was going to attempt it! He went through practically the entirety of his cash to get her over however it paid off,they were brought together. The image of a glad couple they fraternized adn for some time things appeared to be ordinary to them. All they had ever known was being a them and when they were together things just appeared to be correct. How indiscriminately we see things when we are encircled by the arms of the one we love. She was youthful and inquisitive and being the main ladies there she was exceptionally coquettish. Mary Anne was a brilliant young lady and she needed to gain proficiency with all that she could about the war and the land. Her freshly discovered reason becae to discover as much as possible about the way of life while she was in it. She frequently took nature strolls and started to become familiar with the Vietnamese language/culture . Indeed, even her character started to change. Be that as it may, in the long run she started to find out about weapons and war. She began to invest her free energy cleaning and shooting. This started the descending path to her turning into a camo wearing wilderness lady.

A Book Report That is Already Done

A Book Report That is Already DoneWriting your own book is a pretty big deal and writing a book report that is already done is even bigger. You want to make sure that everything you write is of the highest quality and that you cover everything. You also want to make sure that you have the time to write them and that they all have something to do with the business or the topic that you are writing about. This can be very time consuming and quite hard to keep up with but the rewards are well worth it.The book report that you write depends on the book itself and the depth of the research that you need to do. Some books are deep enough to give you a lot of information that you need to know. But, there is also the other side of the coin where the book is very short and very easy to read.There are plenty of book reports that you can choose from but if you are looking for something a little deeper than you might want to consider some of the book reports already done. You may even want to ch eck out a book report done by an author who is not even writing a book himself. All it takes is a bit of legwork and a bit of patience.First things first, what is a book report? It is a report that covers a large subject and is also in depth enough to give you all the information that you need. A book report is basically an outline of what you need to do, how you are going to do it and any other necessary information.What you will find about a book report is that it is not very difficult to write and there are many different ways that you can go about writing one. You can spend a lot of time on it and make it last a very long time. It is also a good way to help you when you are writing a book of your own.If you are looking for book reports then you should be able to find some pretty good ones that are already done. Many times they will only cost you a couple of dollars and are available in a number of formats. You can also find plenty of ebooks that are book reports that you can dow nload and use.This can be a great way to save money and cover a lot of ground in the process of getting a book report done. There are many people that are doing book reports right now and it is a very popular method of marketing. You can also use it as a way to create your own brand or to give it away as a gift.By using this method you will be able to give yourself a great tool that you can use for years to come. You can still update it and add to it and you can do it for free. There are plenty of sites that offer this service for you but if you want a more formalized report then you can always get one done by a professional.

Blindness in the Poetry of John Milton and Jorge Luis Borges - Literature Essay Samples

The poems â€Å"When I consider how my light is spent† by John Milton and â€Å"A Blind Man† by Jorge Luis Borges express two different points of view and approaches to the concept of becoming blind. In both poems, the narrators express their thoughts and approaches to dealing with the fact of their blindness. John Milton overall takes a more spiritual approach, while Jorge Luis Borges focuses more in on the materialistic consequences of blindness. Both John Milton and Jorge Luis Borges struggled to find a path in their lives after becoming blind. Unable to seek consolation through the gift of sight, they sought to find light and meaning to their dark lives. Their common struggle led to a loss of identity and a mental journey reflecting upon self-identity. Milton ponders the role he is meant to play in life after the loss of his sight and wonders as to how he can serve God. He asks â€Å"Doth God exact day-labor,light denied?† (Line 7), wondering if God requires the blind to work for him. This encompasses Milton’s devotion to God and his desire to stay devout despite the loss of his sight. He endeavors to preserve his identity as a pious Christian, as stated by â€Å"though my soul more bent/To serve therewith my Maker†(lines 4-5), voicing his desire to work for God, but also realizing he cannot serve God as he had previously. Yet, when the personification of patience answers â€Å"God doth not need/Either man’s work or His own gifts† (lines 9-10), Milton is essentially stating that he has not lost his identity; he is aware he can remain a follower of God even while blind. Borges goes through a similar struggle to find his own identity after losing his sight. The first line, â€Å"I dont know what face is looking back/Whenever I look at the face in the mirror† (lines 1-2), blatantly expresses his loss of identity. Furthermore, â€Å"I have made out your hair,/Color of ash and at the same time,gold† (lines 7-8) shows a further loss of identity. By saying â€Å"your hair† instead of â€Å"my hair† and using the juxtaposition of the 2 colors, Borges emphasizes that he doesnt know who he is any longer. He acknowledges Milton’s wise and Noble words through â€Å"I say again that I have lost no more/Than the inconsequential skin of things.† (Lines 9-10), realizing that his loss of sight is only superficial. However, â€Å"But then I t hink of letters and of roses,/I think, too, that if I could see my features,/I would know who I am, thus precious afternoon.†(lines 12-14) serves to emphasize that an essential part of his life is tied to the visible world, and he cannot help but lament his loss of sight. Overall, both Milton and Borges lose their identity along with their vision and struggle to find themselves in the dark. At age 55, Jorge Luis Borges went blind. He knew he would because it ran in his family but still, refused to learn braille. In his poem â€Å"A Blind Man†, Borges reveals a deeper understanding to what he thinks of his blindness. Readers come to realize that Borges doesn’t take his blindness well. He starts off with â€Å"I don’t know what face is looking back† (line 1), expressing a tone of uncertainty in the first three words alone. He detaches himself with his choice of diction, choosing to say â€Å"the face in the mirror† (line 2) instead of referring to the face as his own, almost as if his face was something foreign; something he no longer recognizes and thus, cannot claim that it’s his. This struggle within himself has gone on for a good period of time, as proven when he labels his face as â€Å"old† and â€Å"already weary† (line 3-4). He feels rage towards his blindness and has rejected the reality of it for a long tim e, to the point where he is tired and â€Å"weary†, yet he still fights it. To really show readers what he means, Borges uses a lot of imagery. The â€Å"flash of light† (line 6) he mentions later is an example of sensual imagery that conveys that he can’t â€Å"see† so he can only rely on â€Å"feel†. At the same time, this is ironic because he can’t see, but feel light. Then, he further separates himself by depicting himself as two distinct entities. This is shown when he suddenly changes from first person to second person, saying â€Å"your hair† (line 7) instead of â€Å"my hair†. Recalling a change in point of view from earlier in the poem, he alludes to himself in third person, â€Å"the face† (line 2), but now relates it back to him in an indirect way. Borges feels as if he has two discrete identities because since he can’t see himself, how can he know that he is truly still himself? This forms the idea tha t seeing oneself is a way of confirming one’s own identity and existence. However, Borges can’t do that so he feels lost. Borges describes his hair as the â€Å"color of ash and at the same time, gold† (line 8), an example of juxtaposition that serves to illustrate the fact that the speaker can only imagine what he looks like and by saying two very different colors, he automatically contradicts himself, purposefully getting the color wrong. He can’t confirm his hair color and therefore, anything he says will be false, at least to him. His reference to Milton exhibits Borges’s desire to adopt Milton’s take on blindness, establishing that they are â€Å"wise† and â€Å"noble† (line 11). Borges cannot help but wrestle his own grief of losing his sight because if he could see his â€Å"features, [he] would know who [he] is† (line 13-14). This strongly opposes Milton’s view, someone accepts and copes well with his blindness, highlighting their perspectives as the biggest contrast in the two poems by the two famous poets. Borges associates sight with identity. Without his sight, he doesn’t know who he is and what to do with his life. The title makes it painfully clear that his blindness is one that berates him every moment of life and he is unable to find solace anywhere. He shows his grief through the poem, an internal battle that he hopes he can escape from by seeing the world as Milton does. One crucial difference between the two, however, is that Milton has found comfort in God, whereas Borges just drowns in his misery, desperately searching for his own safe space but finding none. Milton demonstrates a different approach to his blindness, initially with both contempt and anger. However, throughout the poem, as Milton reflects on blindness and converses with God, he ultimately reaches the conclusion to accept his blindness. Particularly, as Milton begins the poem with the line â€Å"When I consider how my light is spent† , it demonstrates that the speaker is reflecting on the life prior to being blind (line 1). His reflection is further continued as he introduces his life in the present and calls his world â€Å"dark† (line 2). The words â€Å"dark† and â€Å"light† are juxtapositions of each other and Milton uses them in the first two lines in order to demonstrate that the ‘light’ in his world has gone out. The use of this juxtaposition is to highlight the speaker’s bitter tone about his blindness. His reaction to his blindness is further highlighted as he calls his one â€Å"talent† â€Å"useless† (lines 3-4). In this context, this talent can be referred to as the ability to see and his characterization of his blindness signifies a disappointed tone. This tone contributes to Milton’s initial feeling of contempt towards being blind. His contempt further makes him question God, asking whether or not God requires labor even if he is blind. The rest of the poem tries to address this question, and specifically â€Å"Patience† replies (line 8). Patience is able to address the question by mentioning that â€Å"who bear his mild yoke serve him (God) best† (lines 10-11). Through this response, â€Å"Patience† can be seen as an example of personification of someone who wants to address the reader’s questions. In his discussion of Patience, Milton also demonstrates that those who accept fate or things that occur to them are able to serve God the best. Patience continues to give examples of people who accept their own faith, starting off with those who â€Å"post over land and ocean without rest†, who can also be referred to as people who put in laborious work to worship God (line 13). And Milton ultimately ends off with the fact that â€Å"They also serve who only stand and wait† (line 14). This final line alludes back to the topic of patience and how fate will prevail with time. The â€Å"They† in this sentence also refers to the followers of God, and this ultimately shows how the speaker has come in terms with his blindness. Particularly, he has learned to â€Å"wait† and that in waiting, he will be able to build his own reality and live with being blind. This poem ultimately demonstrates a change in tone of the speaker from feeling contempt about being blind to accepting it. This change in mood is not represented in Borges’ poem, and is also a potential reason why Borges’ referenced Milton in his poem. The change in mood contributes to show the theme that even though blindness can contribute to such a drastic change, it’s the way in which one deals with the blindness that contributed to his/her identity. Milton’s ultimate portrayal that he has learned to become satisfied with his blindness highlights a positive view on blindness, which is a direct contrast to Borge’s opinion. The poems ultimately take two completely different stances on the author’s perception of blindness, yet share a lot in common regarding their struggles and experiences as shaped by their blindness. These common struggles contribute to the impactfulness of the poem, and each author’s response characterises not only them, but what blindness means to them on a personal level.

The National Center For Health Statistics Essay - 1534 Words

People living in rural areas generally suffer greater morbidity than their counterparts living in suburban and urban regions (Shi Singh, 2015). These facts are generally consistent across age groups and do not appear to change, regardless of average rural community wealth (Cohen, Cook, Kelley, Foutz, Sando, 2016). Rural residents tend to experience greater social and physical isolation, lack local secondary level providers and primary care services in sufficient quantities or within manageable travel distances (Cohen et al., 2016). According to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, rural Americans: 1) Are older, poorer, and less healthy than non-rural residents; 2) Have a life expectancy 6 months shorter than non-rural counterparts with a widening disparity trend over time; 3) Experience more activity limitations from chronic conditions than people living in urban or suburban communities (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2014). The National Center for Health Statistics classifies rural areas as counties with an urban population of 1-49,000. Though rural Americans comprise 17% of the US population, 65% of US counties are classified as rural. Rural regions have a reduced per capita supply of healthcare providers, including dentists. Hospitals in rural areas typically do not contain intensive care, psychiatric, skilled nursing, or rehabilitation units or offer hospice, home health, chemotherapy or drug/alcohol abuse care. Fifty-four or more ruralShow MoreRelatedEvaluating Hospital Quality Data Is Part Of The Evolution Of Health Care Today1081 Words   |  5 PagesEvaluating hospital quality data is part of the evolution of health care today. There are publicly reported statistics from every surrounding health care system and can be found on reliable websites like www.Hospitalcompare.hhs.gov. 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Thank you. - Rh **** National Trends: Consolidation in Insurance Marketplace †¢ Two large mergers are pending – Aetna to acquire HumanaRead MoreHigh School Graduation Rates in California and the United States Based on Race and Ethnicity 1379 Words   |  6 PagesBetween 1990 and 2012, high school graduation rates in 25-29-year-olds have increased from 86 to 90 percent; this overall national rise is reflected in each of the ethnicities, White, Hispanic, Black, and Asian/Pacific Islander (National Center for Education Statistics [NCES], 2013a). Prior to 2012, nationwide standardized objective measures did not exist for measuring four-year high school graduation rates; tracking educational progress varied from state to state. 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Several factors increase the risk of developing type II diabetes, including diet, exercise, genetics, and sleep. Less knowingly, prolonged lack of sleep severely damages humans’ health. Sleep and one’s circadian rhythm contribute to maintaining blood glucose homeostasis (ACAM). Through this experiment, we will study theRead MoreArticle Review : This Doctor Does Not Want You By Alice Park8 78 Words   |  4 Pagessubcategorized in a health issue containing the expose collection entitled â€Å"How Not To Get Sick†. Due to the articles age, it was accessed for this assignment using the archives of TIME magazine online. TIME magazine online is an electronic resource which archives from TIME magazine’s print copy, thus online articles are now published daily while the print version is circulated monthly. Reporter Alice Park is a TIME’s writer with specialization on â€Å"Breaking frontiers of health and medicine† (Unknown)Read MoreBreast Cancer Community Resources Essay887 Words   |  4 Pagesinitiated through national organizations such as the American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Center, which can than connect individuals with regional support at the state, county, and community levels who can offer extraordinary resources. Programs include finical support, complimentary mammograms, medical resources, and support groups. Resour ces are easily accessible and are geared toward enhancing quality of life. Here within we will analysis breast cancer statistics, available resources

Alcohol Use Among Adolescents Essay - 737 Words

This lecture deals with alcohol use (and abuse) among adolescents. Alcohol is an extremely important issue for teenagers. There have been many moments in my life during which I have been offered some form of alcohol, but turned it down. In order to avoid being exposed to alcohol and drunken (intoxicated) people, I do not attend parties- I doubt I will even after I turn twenty-one years old. Unfortunately, not too many underage people that I know abide by these rules, and I strongly doubt a high percentage of teenagers do . The lecture would tell of the many negative effects of alcohol, particularly on adolescents. I would also talk about the many misconceptions about the â€Å"positive† effects of alcohol, how alcohol is glamorized in the†¦show more content†¦Almost 40% of underage girls in a recent study reported having an alcoholic beverage, and â€Å"older age, poorer academic performance, greater levels of depression, higher perceived peer alcohol use, and highe r levels of maternal drinking were observed in the group of girls who ever drank and drank recently† (Fang, Schinke, Cole, 2009, p. 710). Not surprisingly, the same study also found that girls who were less depressed and happier with their appearance were less likely to drink. In addition, boys who drink lose some of their attention spans, and girls lose some of their visuospatial functioning (Squeglia, Spadoni, Infante, Myers, Tapert, 2009). Binge drinking among adolescents (also commonly called risky single-occasion drinking and heavy episodic drinking- that is, having at least five drinks during one occasion) has been shown to be associated with a variety of adverse consequences, such as low life satisfaction, depressive mood, poor academic performance, accidents and injuries, bullying and fights, and unprotected sexual intercourse. For this reason, there have been multiple prevention programs that are homogenously geared towards everybody, and thus loses individuality ( Kuntsche, Knibbe, Engels, Gmel, 2010). However, these prevention programs have proven somewhat effective in the United States- adolescent students in the state of Washington are less than half as likely to drink as those in Victoria, Australia (Toumbourou, Hemphill, McMorris, Catalano, Show MoreRelatedAlcohol Use Initiation Among Adolescents2777 Words   |  12 Pagesreview examines alcohol use initiation among adolescents through the constructs of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The review consists of 23 peer-reviewed sources. TPB was applicable to 18 sources, 4 did not fall within the constructs of TPB and 1 source was used solely to understand the public health context of this behavior. Sources were located through PubMed, Academic Search Complete, PsycINFO and Scopus databases. The following combination of search terms were used: â€Å"alcohol use initiation adolescentRead MoreShort Screening Tool Used For Evaluate Alcohol And Drug Use Among Adolescents1660 Words   |   7 Pagesscreening tool used to evaluate alcohol and drug use among adolescents and to help determine need for a more thorough assessment. *Can be self-administered and/or used in interview with patient *Part A has 13 questions that pertain to drug use history. *Part B has 14 questions that cover alcohol and drug use. *This tool is a combined revision of two other scales: the Adolescent Alcohol Involvement Scale (AAIS) by (Mayer Filstead, 1979, Moberg, 1983) and the Adolescent Drug Involvement Scale (ADIS)Read MoreFactors Influencing Alcohol Influence1417 Words   |  6 Pagesthat Influence Adolescent Alcohol Use Research This paper describes how one research team uses a cross-sectional survey data linked to national-level indicators on alcohol control policies and adult drinking patterns while measures of self-reported adolescent’s weekly drinking and life-time drunkenness. This data was analyzed using multi-level logistic regression models. The surveys that were tested showed that through comparing data cross-nationally, high levels of adult alcohol consumption andRead More Effects of Underage Drinking on Society Essay1100 Words   |  5 Pagessuch a person from consuming alcohol. Alcohol happens to be the most commonly abused drug not only among the youth but also among adults. This paper explores underage drinking, its effects on the society and outlines what can be done to curb it. Young people are considered to constitute the largest number of alcohol consumers and they account for a large portion of alcohol sales. This is despite the strict drinking laws that govern many countries as regards alcohol purchase and consumption. UnderageRead MoreAlcohol Consumption By Underage Drinkers1645 Words   |  7 Pagesmentally. Many adolescents begin to experience and experiment with different substances at this stage. Drinking is seen as part of risk taking and sometimes even societal acceptance from peers. The media, and influence from family and peers can make alcohol seem attractive, relaxing, and fun when in reality the negative consequences that entail are much deeper than what’s displayed on the surface. This paper will discuss in depth the issue of alcohol and the impact it has on adolescents. Alcohol consumptionRead MoreSubstance Abuse Among Adolescents And Their Smoking Behaviors948 Words   |  4 Pages Substance abuse among adolescents has become more common in the United States and the root of the problem is aimed towards blaming parental influence. The article, Adolescents’ perceptions of Parental; Influence on Their Smoking Behavior: A Content Analysis is mainly about a study that consisted of interviewing 35 adolescents ranging from the ages of 14 and 18 to find out if and how their parents influenced their personal smoking behaviors (Maggi et al. 2014). The interviews were recordedRead MoreParental Supervision and Adolescent Drinking Behavior1591 Words   |  7 PagesI. Hypothesis. The purpose of this research is to find out if parental supervision has an influence in adolescents’ drinking behavior. II. Literature Review. Research suggests that parents play an important role in the lives of children. Some of these parents have a negative or positive influence on the lives of the children. Shin, Edwards, Heeren, Amodeo (2009) stated that in the United Stated nearly 3.3 million referrals were made to state and local child protective servicesRead MoreAdolescent Drug Abuse And Alcohol1426 Words   |  6 PagesHEAD: Alcohol and Drug Abuse Adolescent Drug Abuse and Alcohol Nyria Madison Liberty University Coun 620 Abstract Around the world we are finding that most adolescent are experiencing drugs and alcohol. This has been a huge issue for years. This has become a trend in society as of today. This paper will discuss the perspective of adolescent alcohol and drugs. This paper will also identify and inform you on the common predictors of adolescent substanceRead MoreDepression Is Predictive Of Substance Abuse Outcomes788 Words   |  4 Pagessuggested early onset of depressive disorders predicted multiple substance use outcomes, including frequent alcohol use, and frequent daily smoking from a sample of 1545 adolescent twins assessed at baseline age 14, and then again at age 17.5. Moreover, depression was found to be a risk factor for smoking in females but not males. Fleming et al. 2008 also suggested that depressive symptoms were more strongly associated with substance use in females than males. Therefore, there are known sex differences inRead MoreThe Psychological Effects Of Adolescent Substance Abuse1469 Words   |  6 PagesAdolescent substance abuse is one of the largest issues faced by our society today. According to Teenrehab.com, nearly 50% of all high school seniors have abused some form of illicit substance and according to National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism nearly 70% of 18 year olds have at the least tried alcohol. Many more adolescents are trying, and getting addicted to, drugs every year. In my opinion this is one of the most critical issues that we have to address as a society. Summary Response:

Strategic Management of Wesfarmers Organisation-Free-Samples

Question: You have recently been appointed as the CEO of your chosen organisation, apply your critical thinking skills to develop strategic recommendations for the development of the business over the next 12 months. Answer: Introduction Any business organisation operates under several circumstances and factors which result in the success or failure of the business. Achieving the objectives leads to the success of the business. Depending on the values and the principles of the company the objectives are set. The process of strategic management is important in an organisation as it ensures proper organisation of the function, business and corporate operations of the business (Wheelen et al., 2017) Strategic management can be defined as the growth and incorporate of the plan for performing the functions of the business on a daily basis. The most basis strategic management decision that has to be taken is to lay down the foundation of the company with the help of a mission and a vision statement which will be followed by aims and objectives. Depending on all of these factors the management of a business organisation formulates policies and devices rules which will help the company reach its goal (Hill et al., 2014). Back ground of the company: Wesfarmers Established as Western Australian farmers' cooperative, in 1914, the organisation has emerged as one of the largest conglomeratesin Australia. The company has a diversified product line - there are a plethora of services that operate under the organisation for example: coaland energy, several retail store formats home improvement; stationery items; department stores; ther is also an industrials division with businesses in chemicals, fertilisers and industrial safety items. Retail is one of the major sections of the brands. Apart from being one of the largest organisation sit is also one of the largest employers of Australia with around 220,000 employees the company also has shareholder base of approximately 530,000(Wesfarmers.com.au, 2018). The goal of the company is to offer an agreeable return to the shareholders. Aims and objective: To cater to the needs and requirements of the customers by providing them with products and services which is of industry standard To ensure that the employees enjoy a work environment and culture which is rewarding and fulfilling so that they can enjoy job satisfaction To contribute towards the growth and expansion of the company and in turn the economy of the country To provide a sustainable future for the society in which the company is operating in To determine the responsibility the company has towards the environment To adhere to the principles and the values with which the organisation was situated and to follow the global ethical norms within as well as outside the operations of the business (Wesfarmers.com.au, 2018) Internal and external business environment Internal business environment of Wesfarmers can be analysed with the help of mckinsey 7s framework, The hard aspect Strategy: diversification of the products and services are one of the major strategies that are followed by the company. There are a number of brands that are operating within the company which are from various industries. The company focuses on the shareholders and the customers as the most important stakeholder. Structure: Because the company operates in various industries the structure of the subsidiary organisation is also separated by the industry or the brand in which the company operates. For example Coles supermarket has its own corporatestructure and culture, buton the other hand Woolworths has its own structure. Systems: Similarly, the company will have the system of operation based on the organisation and the industry of operation(Wesfarmers.com.au, 2018). The soft aspect Skills: The skills of the people are based on the organisationand the industry of operation, the employees of Kmart will have different skillsthan people working in the energy sector. The company ensures that the employees of the organisation are in a healthy and safe environment and they are also offered career development opportunities within the company. Staff: The conglomerate has large workforces who are responsible for driving the day to day business of the organisation (Alshaher, 2013). Style: The organisation is led by Rob Scott who is designated as the managing director.He does not follow the traditional view of a leader guiding the people and knowing the answer to the entire question; rather he is a learner and he is aware of the dynamics of the business and invites new ideas and views. Shared Values: The company focuses their effort on the customers and the shareholders; hence formulates all the decisions based on this principle(Alshaher, 2013). With the help of PEST Analysis the external environment of the company can be analyzed: Political:The political environment of the home country Australia is stable and it encourages business in the country and hence the rules and regulations are formulated in such a way that such a conglomerate can operate with ease. The inflation rate, currency exchange rate and the regulation regarding the license of Coal mining, liquor etc. are properly regulated by the government policies of Australia. The regulations of the country help investors in the process of business. On the downside, thestrategy of free trade may not facilitate the economic growth of Wesfarmers as it ensures a large number of competition in the market as all these factors are also true to other companies who are willing to operate in the same industry (Antonini 2016). Economic:Rate of inflation, interest, exchangeetc. are some of the economic factors that can significantly affect the development ofthe organization. Australia is a developed economy and encourages trade and business in the country. Wesfarmers operates in various industries therefore it contributes to several markets in the economy. Social:The operations of the business which are offered by the company is based on the social needs of the company. Therefore factors such as demographic, cultural trends, societal perspectives etc. impact the business. Australian society is liberal and has a tone of acceptance hence the diversified business line is accepted by the people easily (Chan et al. 2013). Technological: Technological advances help an organisation to change and adapt to the dynamics of the industries in which the subsidiaries are working. Wesfarmers is a conglomerate which is required to fall back upon advanced technology in order to drive towards achieving the objectives and the goals adhering to the ethics and principles(Wesfarmers.com.au, 2018). Business strategy The strategy that the company can invest in order to improve the business operations is to provide the organisationwith values that should be implemented in the business strategies of all the subsidiaries.As a parent organization, it is important for the company to ensure that the perspective of the business is in a streamline. Functional strategy The company has a central administrative body which looks after the operation of the business from an administrative perspective. The company can implement technology to make the process more streamlined. The process of can be developed and then the people can be trained to use the technology. Corporate strategy The company can engage in mergers and acquisitions of consultancies as that is one of the sectors that is not explored by the company much, but has potential in the Australian market. A consultancy will not only expand the business but also will help in more employment (Gupta, 2013). Competitive Advantage Diversifications of products are the process by which the organisation incorporates the process of gaining competitive advantage over the other organisation. Also based on the specific organisation, the strategies keep changing. The focus of the company is providing the people with a plethora of products and services with the help of subsidiary companies in reasonable price but of high quality and facilities. Sustainability The company has adapted to the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and ensures that they fulfil their responsibility towards the society and the environment along with the business. The company works under four principles: People: development; diversity and safety Sourcing: suppliers and HR practices Community: contribution towards the community and safety of the product Environment: Climate change resilience as well as Waste and water use and lastly governance. Leadership in the company As discussed above, the leadership of Rob Scott is more of transformational where the company is open to learning and changing according to the dynamics of the industry environment. He believes in learning and gathering knowledge while guiding the people of the organisation towards the achieving the goals of the organisation. Organsiation structure The organisation follows a hierarchy structure of management which can be described as the matrix structure as there are several subsidiaries of the company. The structure is complicated and has its own structure with in the operatio Conclusion Wesfarmers has a complicated form of management where the subsidiaries form the base of the foundation of the company. It is one of the largest conglomerates in Australia and also has its operation in a plethora of industries. Wesfarmers play an important role in the economy of the country as well as have contribution towards the society and the environment. The company follows the triple bottom concept of business model and ensures that all the subsidiaries follow the same. Reference list: Alshaher, A. A. F. (2013). The McKinsey 7S model framework for e-learning system readiness assessment.International Journal of Advances in Engineering Technology,6(5), 1948. Antonini, C. (2016). An empirical analysis of environmental externalities incidence on financial performance. Chan, E., Yau, O. H., Chan, R. (1990). Consumer sentiment in Australia: A replication and cross-national comparison.European Journal of Marketing,24(10), 44-58. Gupta, A. (2013). Environmental and pest analysis: An approach to external business environment.Merit Research Journal of Art, Social Science and Humanities,1(2), 13-17. Hill, C. W., Jones, G. R., Schilling, M. A. (2014).Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Wesfarmers.com.au. (2018).Annual report 2017.wesfarmers.com.au. Retrieved 19 March 2018, from https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/docs/default-source/default-document-library/2017-annual-report.pdf?sfvrsn=0 Wheelen, T. L., Hunger, J. D., Hoffman, A. N., Bamford, C. E. (2017).Strategic management and business policy. pearson.

Plato And Forms Essays - Platonism, Form Of The Good,

Plato And Forms Platos Forms The influence that Plato, the Greek philosopher born in 427 BC in Athens, has had throughout the history of philosophy has been monumental. Among other things, Plato is known for his exploration of the fundamental problems of natural science, political theory, metaphysics, theology and theory of knowledge; many of his ideas becoming permanent elements in Western thought. The basis of Platos philosophy is his theory of Ideas, or doctrine of Forms. While the notion of Forms is essential to Platos philosophy, over years of philosophical study, it has been difficult to understand what these Forms are supposed to be, and the purpose of their existence. When examining Platos forms and evaluating the theory, some conclusions have proved to be unclear and unanswered. However, the doctrine of Forms is essential to Platos philosophy. Plato came to his view of the Forms based on two premises: first, that knowledge cannot come through the senses; and second, we do nevertheless manage to know thi ngs in mathematics, for instance. Plato believed in two worlds; the empirical realm of concrete, familiar objects known through sensory experience, and the rational realm of perfect and eternal Forms. According to Plato, the empirical realm is not real, as sensory objects are not completely real. Beliefs derived from experience of such objects are therefore vague and unreliable, whereas principles of mathematics and philosophy, discovered by inner, rationalistic meditation on the Forms, constitute the only real knowledge. Such familiar, concrete things as trees, human bodies and animals, which can be known through the senses, are merely shadowy, imperfect copies of their Forms. For every sense object in the empirical world, there is a corresponding perfect Form. These Forms are nonphysical, permanent, eternal, and invisible. How then, you may ask, can one ever know of the Forms if they cannot be known by sense perception? Plato answers this question by stating that the Forms are kn own in thought. They are the objects of thought, therefore, whenever you are thinking, you are thinking of Forms. An important point to note about the Forms is the idea of permanence. The Forms are forever unchanging. An important standard of Platos theory of knowledge was that all genuine objects of knowledge be described without contradiction. Therefore, because all objects perceived by sense undergo change, an assertion can be made that such objects at one time will not be true at a later time. Because what is fully real must, for Plato, be fixed, permanent, and unchanging, he identified the real with the ideal realm of being as opposed to the empirical world of becoming. This all leads to Platos inevitable rejection of empiricism. The true definition of empiricism is, the view that holds sense perception to be the sole source of human knowledge (Jones, 369). It is obvious that this view is highly contradictive with Platos theory of Forms. He thought that propositions derived fro m sensory experience have, at most, a degree of probability; they are not certain. Pure knowledge may only be derived from certain, permanent facts. The argument is really that not only do the things we perceive change, but so do the circumstances in which we perceive them. Take this example, for instance. If I were to hold a cup of hot coffee in my left hand and a cold beer in my right, and then place both hands into a tub of lukewarm water, that same tub of water would feel cold to the left hand, and warm to the right hand. Moreover, things must often seem different to me than they do to anyone else, for the circumstances of others are rarely the same as mine. We are also liable to experience illusions, states of dreaming and hallucination, and our initial judgments are also often influenced by our expectations and biases. As a result of these circumstances, Plato supposes that we can never gain knowledge through our senses. Empiricism is rejected in Platos philosophy, contradicti ng with his theory of Forms to a large degree. Plato conceived the Forms as arranged hierarchically. A dividing line splits the rational realm into C and D. The division of C represents the lower Forms, and D represents the higher Forms,

God Part II essays

God Part II essays Today's society is contradictory. Society says that things like drugs, violence, and wealth are bad yet it promotes them anyway. It claims to do or believe in certain things, while it is doing the opposite. In the song "God Part II" by U2, society's hypocrisy is displayed. U2 expresses their opinions on what society says, and what it actually does when it comes to violence, wealth, and drugs. The society of today is against violence, yet everyday people are murdered. A lyric from the song states, "Don't believe in the Uzi, it just went off in my hand" ("God Part II"). Society says that violence is bad, however it goes to war with other countries and kill thousands of people. In the song "God Part II", U2 gives an example of how society always has an excuse when it participates in what it says is bad. Society says killing is wrong; however abortion is legal and the U.S. uses capital punishment. Regarding abortion, society uses the excuse that everyone has a right to decide to give birth, and that the baby is not alive yet. Our society contradicts its views on violence by participating in what it claims to be against. Society pretends to be generous with its money, yet it spends its money on extravagant extras such as luxury cars, expensive clothes and jewelry for itself. A lyric from the song God Part II by U2 says "Don't believe in riches, but you should see where I live" ("God Part II"). U2 uses this as an example of how society pretends not to care about or idolize the money that it devotes its live to earning. People talk about all the organizations they donate to; however, they buy expensive cars and houses that they do not need. Meanwhile, they are talking about how unimportant material things are to them, saying they "don't believe in excess" ("God Part II"). Today's society pretends it does not believe in excess. In reality, they would not be able to live their extravagant lifestyles without it. ...

Teaching and Learning English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Teaching and Learning English - Essay Example Teachers and students may often identify the need for vocabulary learning, but fail to employ the techniques that would make the learning really effective, interesting, and easy. "The need for meaningfulness in language learning has been accepted for some years. A useful interpretation of 'meaningfulness' is that the learners respond to the content in a definite way. If they are amused, angered, intrigued or surprised the content is clearly meaningful to them. Thus the meaning of the language they listen to, read, speak and write will be more vividly experienced and, therefore, better remembered. If it is accepted that games can provide intense and meaningful practice of language, then they must be regarded as central to a teacher's repertoire. They are thus not for use solely on wet days and at the end of term!" (Wright et al, 1984). Therefore, the significance of language games in the learning of vocabulary is remarkable. There are various reasons to consider the use of games as effective and advantageous tool for learning and teaching vocabulary which is one of the inevitable aspects of English language learning. ... Third, vocabulary games bring real world context into the classroom, and enhance students' use of English in a flexible, communicative way." (Huyen & Nga, 2003). Treated from the affective aspect of the learning process, a vocabulary game lessens the affective filter and encourages, in the learner, the creative and spontaneous use of language. More importantly, the use of such vocabulary games promotes communicative competence of the learner and motivates him/her in the learning process. By motivating the learner for the continuous use of the language in communication, the vocabulary games help him/her in developing, apart from the learning of vocabulary, language competency as a whole. To judge the vocabulary learning games by the standards of Cognitive Theory of Learning, they reinforce learning activity, thereby, ensuring and affirming the learning to be meaningful and complete. This technique of vocabulary learning reviews and extends the vocabulary competence of the learner and, therefore, finds it very useful tool of language teaching. The modern theories of learning and teaching, affirm the teaching activity to be centered on the student and teaching and learning of English vocabulary through games can be considered the one of the best example of student centered teaching. Like the student centered methods of teaching, in this method vocabulary teaching, the teacher is just the facilitator and the real performer is the leaner. This makes the learner more active in the learning process and he/she learns more effectively. The learning of English vocabulary through games also facilitates the learning procedure to be easy and effective, as the learners are made active by the practice or there is greater possibility for class cohesion. This is

RESEARCH PROPOSAL Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

RESEARCH PROPOSAL - Article Example Therefore, the need of today is to explore the importance of restructuring the administrative procedures in terms of improved policies and legislation in improving the performance of public school teachers and students. For this research study, the aim is to explore the role of improved administrative policies and legislation in improving the performance and motivation levels of public school teachers and students. The administrative procedures to be studied in the research include pay for performance, student services, and interactive learning environment. The researcher will also study the current policies and legislation which govern the working of public schools. The researcher will study the factors in detail in order to come up with justified and evidence-supported conclusions, as well as to provide feasible recommendations to the administrative authorities of public schools. Administrative procedures play a considerable role in improving the performance of public sector schools. Some administrative procedures, such as, implementation of pay for performance program, student services, and improvement in the learning environment are critical for bringing improvement in the performance of both teachers and students of public schools. Pay for performance programs are directly linked with the performance of teachers. Teachers like to be a permanent part of such schools, which value their efforts by implementing appropriate compensation and benefits packages for their employees (Lavy, 2007). Student services, such as, sports training, practical work training, and provision of extracurricular facilities also play a significant role in improving students’ performances (Griffith, 1996). Generally, such services are not paid the due amount of attention because of which most of the parents prefer to choose private schools for the schooling of their children. If such services are made

Cango Analysis Essay Example for Free

Cango Analysis Essay Like Liz mentions in the video (speech); CanGo acts as a personal shopper for their customers. Customers don’t have go to different store to buy their merchandise when they can buy online at the same place and for affordable prices. Weaknesses: When Liz was asked to prepare a speech of how their company developed over time, she had no clue of where to start. She didn’t plan anything ahead, for example; she mentions in the resolution video that if she had done some planning for her company, her company would have gone much far from where they are at now. CanGo didn’t have a strategic plan for online gaming. Liz and her employees just had a small meeting and without giving a notice ahead of time, she just announced that they are entering into a new market of online gaming. All her employees were surprised at first. She didn’t ask any of her employees before that if they liked the idea of online gaming or not. She just went ahead and asked for preliminary marketing plan. The employees seemed hesitant as to asking questions. The employees at CanGo don’t work together and are not working in a team setting as should be implemented. Furthermore, the company doesn’t determine what this online gaming includes. Further, the company didn’t speak to determine what would be the various levels of support it would provide to its customers. CanGo didn’t develop a strategy explaining how it will conduct its business. Opportunities: As one of the employee mentions what about online â€Å"football† game ? I think it would be great idea for the company to go ahead and implement an online football game, since a lot of customers like to play football or sports. It could be that during the football season they can get a huge rush. Secondly online gaming also allows people from different countries to play at the same time which is a huge plus. Threats: CanGo doesn’t have a huge capital to invest. If they waste it on the idea of online gaming without knowing if they have any future with it, CanGo will be in a huge debt. If they are going to train their staff to do the operations, their customers are going to be unhappy because they have few people and there is a lot of work to do. They would have to increase wages of their employees because they will be handling more work than they are supposed to. Recommendation: CanGo company needs to have a mission and vision statement. Mission statement is going to describe what their company does and vision statement is where management wants to see their company in future. First step is, to have these two statements ready, which this company is missing. I don’t think CanGo should expand on their idea of online gaming without having a strategic plan. They were missing all the elements of strategic planning which are implementation, evaluation and formation. There were no questions about the future of online gaming nor there do any report to see how much success other companies had so far with online gaming. No one discussed about the equipment they are going to need to build this huge project. Liz has put the whole burden on one employee. There is no teamwork; what if that person gets lazy and comes up a lazy marketing plan. Then everyone would have to agree to it because no other member knows anything about marketing. Liz should have told her employees that everyone needs to come up with marketing plan and then in the next meeting they will choose the best one by consensus. I don’t think company is in its best financial condition. If they go ahead with their idea of online gaming, operational costs of buying equipment and software are going to cost a lot by itself. I also think they need new personnel; training old employees about the new technology is going to be a tough job. Hiring the new staff will be cheaper. May be they should wait for the financial times to get better or they should outsource. The company can outsource the implementation of equipment which would save them a lot of money and keeping the customer service here in America. CanGo’s customers will be very happy because they will be able to talk to their own people in their language comfortably. Customer Service should be the priority in any decision they make or any service they provide. References: Devry. (n. d. ). CanGo videos. Retrieved July 15, 2009, from devry: www. devry. edu/ec/crs

Kafka and his Portrayal of Characters Essay -- essays research papers

Kafka’s Portrayal of Characters Franz Kafka, born on July 3, 1883 in Bohemia, in the city of Prague, has been recognized as one of the greatest writers of the twentieth century. Virtually unknown during his lifetime, the works of Kafka have since been recognized as symbolizing modern man's distress and distorted alienation in an unintelligible, hostile, or indifferent world. None of Kafka’s novels were printed during his lifetime, and it was only with reluctance that he published a fraction of his shorter fiction. Kafka went even as far as to request that his unprinted manuscripts be destroyed after his death. His friend, Max Brod went against his wishes and published his works, although many were unfinished (Sokel 35). Kafka came from a middle-class Jewish family and grew up in the shadow of his domineering shopkeeper father, who impressed Kafka the ultimate father figure. The feeling of impotence, even in his rebellion, was a syndrome that became a pervasive theme in his fiction. Kafka did well in the prestigious German high school in Prague and went on to receive a law degree in 1906. He soon found a job at the Assicurizioni Generali Insurance Company in 1907 but soon left, due to the lengthy hours and intolerable conditions. Later in 1908, he began working at the Worker’s Accident Insurance Institute, where he would work most of the rest of his life. He regarded this job as the essence—both blessing and curse—of his life (Gray 78). He would work most of the rest of his life, although only sporadically after 1917, and in June 1922 he was put on â€Å"temporary retirement† with a pension (Gray 81-84). This job, although not great had short hours, and so allowed him time to think and write. In 1911, he was asked by his father to take charge of his brother-in-law Karl Hermann’s asbestos factory, which took up a lot of his time until 1917 and literally almost drove him to suicide (83). Kafka spent half his life after 1917 in sanatoriums and health resorts; his tuberculosis of the lungs finally spreading to the larynx. Throughout his life, Kafka wrote during times he felt frustrated, either by a love, his family, or his sickness (Sokel 133). Kafka’s method of relief from these frustrations was through his writing (133).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kafka’s coarse relationship with his father dominates his thoughts in life and his works. In the two works, â€Å"The Me... ... his own life, his own views, his own perspectives. He deliberately removes the line between truth and fiction. Tongue in cheek, Kafka used his life as blueprints for his works. In doing so, he has played â€Å"one of the strangest and most daring games a writer ever had played†(Pascal 137). By telling of his life as a fable and commenting about his own style, he raised himself to the level of literature.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Bibliography: Brod, Max, Franz Kafka, 2d ed. (1960); Citati, Pietro, Kafka (1990); Flores, Angel, ed., The Kafka Debate (1977); Glatzer, N. N., The Loves of Franz Kafka (1985); Gray, Ronald, ed., Kafka: A Collection of Critical Essays (1962); Hayman, Ronald, Kafka (1982); Heller, Erich, Franz Kafka (1975); Karl, Frederick R., Franz Kafka: Representative Man (1992); Lawson, R. H., Franz Kafka (1987); Pawel, E., The Nightmare of Reason: A Life of Franz Kafka (1984); Politzer, Heiny, Franz Kafka: Parable and Paradox (1962); Sokel, Walter H., Franz Kafka (1966); Udoff, Alan, ed., Kafka and the Contemporary Critical Performance (1987   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Politics in Education

Politics in Education Can education exist without politics? The answer is simply put no. While many would love to see the political scene leave education, it is inherent that the two remain together. The key is how they work together in the best interest of the students. Public schools are responsible for two precious entities- children and tax dollars (Farmer, 2012). This is one of the reasons that â€Å"today, education is perhaps the most important function of state and local governments† (Brown v. Board of education, 1954).While we are progressively seeing federal mandates in education more now than ever, it is mainly the state and local levels where politics are inseparable (Farmer, 2012). Since education is highly imperative to the future of our country, it is and will always be subject to political scrutiny. From the beginning, a well educated American was deemed necessary to protect independence and the general welfare of the citizens (League of Women Voters, 2011). It has been stated this type of citizen will â€Å"rule themselves through elected officials† (Brademas).Education, especially higher education, at one point was considered a luxury; however, in today’s world a â€Å"high-quality† education often including the collegiate level is believed to be both a â€Å"universal right and a necessity for individual welfare† (Farmer, 2012). For this reason education will remain important topic of political debates between politicians as well as local townspeople. Politics in education goes dates as far back as the Land Ordinance of 1785 and the Northwest Ordinance of 1787.Federal support was given at this time and later in 1841 with the Land Grand Act in the form of land designated for a system of public education to be established. During this time the federal government began to grant money. This money was often used to clean up from war expenses; however, some funds were used for education even though congress did no t stipulate that such funds could be used for education (League of Women Voters, Oct. 2011). It is well aware this funding continues today although the state and local government share the majority of the responsibility.In 1791, the 10th Amendment guaranteed rights to all citizens by stating â€Å"the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. † This amendment entrusted authority over education to the states by having state constitutions assign specific responsibility and legal authority for public education (Usdan, M. , McCloud, B. , Podmostko, M. , and Cuban, L. , 2001). Today, state and local revenue fund approximately 87% of the money for elementary and secondary education.It is estimated that only 10% comes from federal funding (The Federal Role in Education). In 1867, the original Department of Education was established to collect data on schools and teachi ng in order to help create an effective school system (League of Women Voters, 2011). One major turning point for federal education was the GI bill of 1944. The government allotted for nearly eight million World War II veterans to have education assistance to attend college. Until this point, the federal government basically only did research and created policies for an effective system.Financing of education was not highly supported through the department. Then in 1958, Congress passed the National Defense Education Act (NDEA) in response to Russia’s Sputnik. This created money available to students willing to study in science, mathematics, and foreign languages (Dow, 1991). In 1965, the Elementary and Secondary Education Act was created which included Title 1 funding to the disadvantaged. In 1983, A Nation at Risk was released calling for a refocus on an education reform in order to compete with other countries as it appeared that America was falling behind (Farmer, 2012).E ven though the Department of Education has grown drastically, their mission still remains â€Å"to promote student achievement and preparation for global competitiveness by fostering education excellence and ensuring equal access† (Department of Education, 2012). Today, every educator is familiar with most of the current federal mandates including- No Child Left Behind (reauthorization of ESEA), Race to the Top, and common core standards. While most of the funding, administrating, and accountability falls on the state and local governments, these are all federal policies which are often the main topics in a political education debate.One must ask why the federal government has most of the control over our educational system if it is primarily funded by state and local governments. Is it possible that different areas with different demographics might need a different policy than that mandate from federal level. Being successful is teaching the students in the best possible env ironment and demonstrating success through achievement. What works in one small town may not work in the next small or large town. Why, then, does the federal government upport equality by mandating yet not funding criteria. One thing does remain true- all of these do have a common census-equality in education for each student. The debate question that rises: â€Å"is equality for everyone possible? † Under President George W. Bush, No Child Left Behind was designed to â€Å"close achievement gaps, particularly for minority children† (League of Women, 2011). It was set that by year 2014, 95% of students would be meeting state standards in reading and math.Many educators, politicians, and citizens argued that this was an unrealistic goal which would in return be punishing or threatening the low-performing schools. Under this law, parents could be given a voucher to send their child to a different higher performing school. Although every educator had to obtain â€Å"hig hly qualified† status, teachers working at the schools deemed needing improvement often had negative feelings toward their job and thus the students suffered (League of Women Voters, 2011). Race to the Top was signed into law by the current President Barack Obama in 2009.This federal mandate came with promises of funding, and as everyone knows â€Å"money speaks volumes. † This approach would award funds to states who would meet the necessary requirements. Two of these requirements are (1) improve evaluations of teachers thus improving effectiveness based on students achievement (2) raising the limit of charter schools (League of Women Voters, 2011). Race to the Top has several supporters because it comes with necessary funding to move our current classrooms into the 21st century; however, it also comes with unrealistic research.Several argue that standardized testing is not a fair way to evaluate teacher performance. The most current federal request is the use of commo n vs. state standards The idea here is that not only will each child receive an equal education within their state, but they now will receive the same equal education within their country and hopefully one day within the nation. The use of common core standards allows children to master through higher order thinking within broad life skills instead of basic memorization of state specific standards.It opens up a new way of thinking for children and teachers. It also does create a more equal playing field as far as what children learn within their elementary and secondary education career. Most political debates in education often revolve around these federal policies, but even more often than that the main debate is: funding. Who is going to pay for education? The answer brings up the other highly political debate- us, the taxpayers. It is true that all three levels of government- federal, state, and local- contribute to education.States typically provide a little less than half, loc al governments about 44%, and the federal government only funds 10% . The interesting fact is that within the federal government’s10% it includes Title 1, NCLB, RttT, Special Education, child nutrition, and Head Start (Federal Education Budget, 2012). Also, overall the U. S. Department of Education accounts for less than 3% of the total federal budget (Federal Education Budget, 2012). As a nation, we must ask ourselves is the value of education really worth only 3% of the entire federal budget? Excellence is given symbolic prominence, but not sustained financial support† (Usdan, et al, 2001). The political debate is that most politicians will not support efforts to increase funding for education because it will raise taxes- something very few citizens support. However, if the federal government gives only 10%, the state of Tennessee is left with majority of the responsibility to fund education in order for it to succeed. States rely mainly on income and sales tax to fun d elementary and secondary education. It is the legislature who determines the level and distribution of the funding.Tennessee uses the Basic Education Program (BEP) in order to determine the cost specifications for each component in our system. In Tennessee, the share is roughly 70% which is average when compared with our country (Tennessee Basic Education Program, 2011). In some states it is as high as 86% and as low as 31%. The variation exists because some states rely heavily on local property taxes instead of state funding (Federal Education Budget, 2012). The last and probably one of the most political entities is that of the local school board. The funding for local schools is usually provided by property taxes.Thus the wealthier areas have the ability to collect more taxes which allows for them to keep tax rates lower. Unfortunately, the poorer communities may have higher tax rates but still not reach the needed funding for the local school district. Therefore often times ch ildren with the highest needs are often sent to the schools with less resources and less qualified teachers. This is why education can never be created equal for every child. Another political argument is that in present times education leadership in America is not withheld to high enough standards.Instead some argue that we have fifty â€Å"education governors† (Usdan, et al, 2001) or some even go as far as to say, â€Å"Governors and presidents are no better suited to run schools than they are to run construction sites† (Thomas, 2012). Truthfully, yes many governors could be doing a better job in education, but most are willing to fight for it. Most support the importance as honestly we must all agree that â€Å"what, after all, could be more important than a proper education for the state’s most precious asset, its children? † (Usdan, et al, 2001). This argument holds very true at the local level.It is correct to say that from the ladder of the preside nt to the governor to the superintendents of education to school board chairs and members: often some of these educational leaders have little to no background or expertise in education. From the federal to the state level, most appointed leaders in education branches bring the required knowledge. However, the local school board is composed of a diverse group of members with different backgrounds and knowledge. While they all bring unique characteristics and a broad base of knowledge, it is often the case that they do not bring an educational background.Education needs a reform in which it is driven by educators who have lived within the field. These are the people who need to be in charge of forming and implementing our country’s educational policy. Educational leadership is important at all levels including the local school board. For over 200 years, politics has played a part in our educational system. From the federal government all the way down to the local politics talk ed about in gas stations or at a high school football game. Politics and education will always be entwined together. Both are vital for the future of our nation as our future is in our children.As the vision for Tennessee states, â€Å"it is to prepare all Tennessee children for successful post-secondary work, education, and citizenship. † The state’s master plan is to â€Å"ensure equal access to the education constitutionally guaranteed to all Tennessee children† (Master Plan). Without politics, schools will not exist. Without schools, knowledge to become a successful, active citizen will not exist. Thus both politics and education will always hold a vital role. Resources: Brown v. Board of Education. (1954) Civil Rights Organization. Retrieved October 2012, from http://www. civilrights. rg/education/brown/ Department of Education. (2012) Mission Statement Retrieved October 2012 from http://www2. ed. gov/about/overview/mission/mission. html Dow, P. B. (1991). Schoolhouse politics: Lessons from the Sputnik era. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Farmer, T. (2012, January 12). Politics of Local Education. Retrieved from the Connexions Web site: http://cnx. org/content/m14432/1. 10/ Federal Education Budget Project. (September 13, 2012). Retrieved October 2012 from http://febp. newamerica. net/background-analysis/school-finance Federal Role in Education. (2012). U. S. Department of Education.Retrieved October 2012 from http://www2. ed. gov/about/overview/fed/role. html League of Women Voters of the United States. (October 2011). The Role of the Federal Government in Public Education Part Two. Washington D. C: Author. League of Women Voters of the United States. (2011). The History of Federal Government in Public Education: Where have we been and how did we get here? Washington D. C: Author. Master Plan (2008). Master Plan FY 2008-2012. State Board of Education. Retrieved October 2012, from http://www. state. tn. us/sbe/masterplan. htm Tennessee Basic Education Program. (October 2011).State Board of Education. Retrieved October 2012 from http://www. state. tn. us/sbe/BEP%20Booklet%20FY12. pdf Thomas, P. L. , (2012). Politics and Education Don’t Mix. The Atlantic. Retrieved October 2012 from http://www. theatlantic. com/national/print/2012/04/politics-and-education-dont-mix/256303/ Usdan, M. , McCloud, B. , Podmostko, M. , and Cuban, L. (2001). Leadership for Student Learning. School Leadership for the 21st Century Initiative A Report of the Task Force on State Leadership. Washington, D. C. Retrieved October 2012 from http://www. iel. org/programs/21st/reports/staterole. pdf

Our Economy In Recent Years - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 245 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/09/24 Category Economics Essay Type Narrative essay Tags: Economy Essay Did you like this example? McTeer stated, â€Å"Foreign trade has become more important to our economy in recent years. Exports and imports of goods and services have grown rapidly. G. D. P. , as I’ve discussed here before, is the way economists calculate how much an economy is producing in total goods and services. † ( McTeer, 2008) Locate recent articles in the New York Times or Wall Street Journal in which economists are quoted using positive and normative statements. Provide one quote and its context for both a positive and normative statement. Explain your choice. Evaluate the statement choices of your fellow students. I believe that this statement is Positive because his is speaking about something that is important and can assist the economy. Jarzemsky stated, â€Å"Government involvement in U. S. home-mortgage financing is a necessity, said bond-fund manager Bill Gross, noting the current state of the private market. The commentary Tuesday from the head of Pacific Investment M anagement Co. , or Pimco, comes at a time of continued debate over housing policy as federal lawmakers and regulators seek ways to avert future crises. (Jarzemsky,2010) This statement is normative because Jarzemsky is stating how things should be. I it the judgement of the author about how home-mortgage financing should be. Reference: JARZEMSKY,M (2010, August 24). Gross: U. S. Role in Housing Finance a Necessity. Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from https://online. wsj. com McTeer,B (2008, December 10). The Impact of Foreign Trade on the Economy . New York Times. Retrieved from https:// economix. blogs. nytimes. com Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Our Economy In Recent Years" essay for you Create order